Basel: A Historical Look at Switzerland's Third Largest City
Basel, Switzerland is the country’s third largest city, with a population of over 180,000 people. Located on the Rhine River, the city is known for its cultural diversity, its vibrant history, and its stunning views of the Alps. From its beginnings as a Roman settlement to its current status as a global hub of commerce and culture, Basel has seen many changes over the centuries. Here’s a look at the history of this fascinating Swiss city.
The earliest evidence of human habitation in the Basel area dates back to the Neolithic period, with the first settlement being established in the 6th century BC. In 58 BC, the Romans began building a fortification on the left bank of the Rhine, which became known as Augusta Raurica. This fortification was expanded in the 2nd century AD, and the settlement became an important trading center for the Roman Empire.
The city of Basel was founded in the 4th century AD, and by the 8th century it had become an important trading center for the Germanic and Frankish Empires. In 1033, Basel became a free imperial city, with its own laws and privileges. The city was ruled by a bishop, and the bishopric of Basel was one of the most powerful in the region.
In the late Middle Ages, Basel became an important center of learning and culture. The University of Basel was founded in 1460, and the city quickly became known for its humanist scholars. The city also played a key role in the Protestant Reformation, with the Basel Bible being published in 1534.
Basel’s fortunes changed in the 16th century, when it was conquered by the Swiss Confederation. The city was then ruled by the city-state of Basel, and it played an important role in the Swiss Confederation. During the 19th century, Basel became an important industrial center, and the city’s population grew rapidly.
Today, Basel is a major center of business and culture in Switzerland. The city is home to several major international companies, and it is a popular tourist destination. The city is known for its vibrant art scene, its beautiful architecture, and its vibrant nightlife. Basel is also home to several museums, galleries, and theaters, making it an ideal destination for those who love culture and history.