Malta Birgu History: Exploring the Ancient Maritime Fortress
Malta's Birgu, also known as Vittoriosa, is one of the oldest and most historic cities in the Maltese archipelago. Located in the southeastern part of the island, the city is a major tourist attraction and is home to many historical sites, including Fort St. Angelo, the Knights of St. John's Palace, and the Inquisitor's Palace. The city has a long and fascinating history that dates back to the early 16th century when it was a major port of call for the Knights of St. John.
Birgu was first settled by the Phoenicians in the 9th century BC. It was later conquered by the Romans and then by the Arabs in 870 AD. The city was then taken by the Normans in 1090 AD and eventually became part of the Kingdom of Sicily. Birgu was an important port of call for the Knights of St. John, who arrived in Malta in 1530 and made it their base of operations. The city was fortified by the Knights and remained a major trading port in the Mediterranean for centuries.
During the Great Siege of 1565, the Ottoman Turks unsuccessfully attempted to take control of Birgu and the rest of Malta. The city was defended by the Knights of St. John and a small Maltese militia. The siege lasted for four months and resulted in a victory for the Knights and the Maltese.
In the 17th century, Birgu was the site of several important battles during the War of the Spanish Succession. The city was also the center of a major diplomatic mission in 1798 when the French took control of Malta. The city was also home to the Order of St. John's Grandmaster, Jean Parisot de Valette, who is credited with leading the defense of Malta during the Great Siege.
Birgu is also home to several important churches and monasteries, including the Church of St. Lawrence, the Church of St. Paul, and the Church of Our Lady of Victory. These churches were built by the Knights of St. John and are now popular tourist attractions.
Today, Birgu is a major tourist destination and is home to many historical sites, including Fort St. Angelo, the Inquisitor's Palace, and the Knights of St. John's Palace. The city is also a popular destination for sailing, fishing, and other outdoor activities. Birgu is a great place to explore the history of Malta and experience its rich culture and vibrant atmosphere.