Europe: Latvia Geography



Latvia is a small country located in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is bordered by Estonia to the north, Lithuania to the south, Belarus to the southeast, Russia to the east, and the Baltic Sea to the west. Latvia has a total area of about 64,589 square kilometers and a population of 1.9 million people.

Latvia is a flat country with a wide range of topography, from low-lying plains in the east to rolling hills in the west. The highest point in Latvia is the Gaiziņkalns hill at 312 meters above sea level. The country’s longest river is the Daugava, which runs for a total of 1,020 kilometers and flows into the Gulf of Riga. Latvia has over 12,000 lakes, many of which are located in the eastern part of the country.

Latvia has a humid continental climate with warm summers and cold winters. The average temperature in the summer is around 17°C and in the winter it can drop to -4°C. The country receives an average of 690 mm of precipitation per year.

Latvia is a heavily forested country, with almost half of its total area covered in forests. The most common tree species are pine, birch, oak, spruce, and alder. There are also several protected areas in Latvia, including the Gauja National Park, the Slītere National Park, and the Kemeri National Park.

Latvia has a rich cultural heritage, with many historical monuments and sites. The capital city, Riga, is home to numerous churches, museums, and art galleries. Latvia also has a vibrant music and art scene, with several popular festivals taking place throughout the year.

Latvia is a member of the European Union and the Eurozone. The country has a developed economy, with a strong emphasis on agriculture, forestry, and fishing. The country is also a major producer of hydroelectricity and renewable energy. Latvia is a popular tourist destination, with many visitors drawn to its picturesque coastline, stunning forests, and lively cities.