Bulgaria Pleven is a city located in northern Bulgaria, near the border with Romania. It is the seventh-largest city in Bulgaria, and the administrative centre of the Pleven Province. The city is situated in the very heart of the Danubian Plain, on the banks of the Vit River. Pleven is known for its rich history, which dates back to the 5th century BC, when it was founded by the Thracians. Throughout the centuries, the city has been conquered by the Romans, the Byzantines, the Bulgarians, the Ottomans, and the Russians. Today, Pleven is a modern city with a vibrant cultural life and a rich architectural heritage.
The first written evidence of Pleven's existence dates back to the 5th century BC, when it was founded by the Thracians. During the Roman period, the city was known as Ulpia Oescus and was an important military and economic centre. During the Byzantine period, Pleven was the seat of the Bishopric of Oescus. In the 11th century, the city was conquered by the Bulgarians and became part of the Second Bulgarian Empire. In the 13th century, the city was conquered by the Ottoman Empire and it remained under Ottoman rule until the 19th century.
During the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878, Pleven was the site of the famous Siege of Pleven. The siege lasted from 25 July to 10 December 1877 and was one of the longest and bloodiest battles of the war. The city was finally liberated by the Russian forces and became part of the newly independent Bulgaria.
In the 20th century, Pleven experienced rapid growth and development. The city was modernized and many new buildings and monuments were constructed. The most notable of these is the Monument of the Liberators of Pleven, which was built in honour of the Russian soldiers who liberated the city.
Today, Pleven is a modern city with a population of over 120,000 people. The city is home to several universities and is a major cultural centre. There are numerous museums and galleries, as well as theatres, cinemas, and other cultural institutions. Pleven is also a major industrial centre and is home to several large factories.
Pleven is a city with a long and rich history. From its Thracian roots to its modern-day development, Pleven has seen many changes throughout the centuries. It is a city that has played an important role in the history of Bulgaria and the Balkans, and its legacy is still felt today.