As the world's fourth most populous nation, Indonesia has a population of over 270 million, making it the most populous Muslim-majority nation. Located in Southeast Asia, Indonesia is composed of more than 17,000 islands, making it the largest archipelagic nation in the world. While the majority of the population is concentrated on the island of Java, the Indonesian population is spread out across the country.
Indonesia's population is highly diverse, with more than 300 ethnic and linguistic groups. The majority of the population is Muslim, with 87.2% of Indonesians identifying as Muslim. Other major religious groups include Christianity, Hinduism, and Buddhism.
Indonesia's population growth rate has been declining since the 1990s. In 2020, the population growth rate was estimated to be 1.02%, down from 1.3% in 2010. This decline can be attributed to a number of factors, including improved access to family planning and contraception, increased female education, and a decline in fertility rates.
The median age in Indonesia is 28.2 years, with the majority of the population being under the age of 30. The fertility rate in Indonesia is 2.3 children per woman, which is lower than the global average of 2.5 children per woman.
Indonesia's economy is largely driven by its large population and abundant natural resources. The country is a major producer of oil and natural gas, and the country is also a major exporter of coffee, tea, and palm oil. Indonesia is also a major tourist destination, with over 15 million visitors in 2019.
Indonesia has a high rate of poverty, with an estimated 28.5% of the population living below the poverty line. This is due in part to the country's high population growth rate, which has outpaced economic growth. The country is also facing a number of challenges, including environmental degradation, deforestation, and air and water pollution.
Despite these challenges, Indonesia is making progress in reducing poverty and improving access to health care and education. The government has implemented a number of initiatives to improve the lives of its citizens, including the expansion of health insurance, the introduction of free primary and secondary education, and the launching of a national health insurance program.
As Indonesia continues to grow and develop, its population will continue to be a major factor in the country's economic and social development. With its large population and abundant natural resources, Indonesia is well-positioned to become a major player in the global economy.