Makassar History: An Introduction to Indonesia’s Ancient City
Makassar, the capital of South Sulawesi, is one of the oldest cities in Indonesia. Located on the southwestern coast of the island of Sulawesi, Makassar has a long and storied history that dates back centuries. From its early days as a port of call for Chinese and Arab traders to its modern-day status as a bustling metropolis, Makassar has been a major player in the history of the Indonesian archipelago.
The first recorded mention of Makassar dates back to the 14th century, when it was known as Gowa. At the time, Makassar was a part of the Gowa Kingdom, a powerful maritime state that controlled much of the trade in the region. The Gowa Kingdom was an important part of the Islamic sultanates that ruled much of Indonesia, and it was during this period that Makassar became a major trading hub. Chinese and Arab traders flocked to the city, bringing with them spices, textiles, and other goods.
In 1545, the Portuguese arrived in Makassar and set up a trading post. The Portuguese brought with them a new system of taxation and laws, which had a lasting impact on the city’s economy. The Portuguese also brought Christianity to Makassar, and it remains the dominant religion in the city today.
In the 17th century, Makassar was captured by the Dutch East India Company (VOC). The VOC set up a trading post in Makassar, and the city soon became an important port for the Dutch. The VOC also built a fortress in Makassar, which is still standing today.
In the 19th century, Makassar became a major center of the Indonesian independence movement. After the Dutch left in 1949, Makassar became the capital of the newly formed South Sulawesi province. Since then, Makassar has grown into a major city, with a population of over 1.5 million people.
Today, Makassar is a bustling metropolis, with a vibrant culture and a rich history. The city is home to many museums, galleries, and monuments that tell the story of Makassar’s past. The city is also known for its delicious cuisine, with many local dishes being served in the city’s many restaurants.
Makassar is an important part of Indonesia’s history and culture, and a visit to the city is sure to be a memorable experience. From its ancient origins to its modern-day status as a major hub of trade and culture, Makassar is a city that has something for everyone.