Cyprus Famagusta History: A Tale of Triumph and Tragedy
The ancient city of Famagusta, located on the eastern coast of Cyprus, has a long and rich history. It is a city steeped in myth and legend, with a story that spans centuries. From its beginnings as a small fishing village to its current status as a major tourist destination, Famagusta has seen many changes throughout its long history.
Famagusta was founded in the 13th century BC by the Mycenaean Greeks, who named it “Amathus”. It was a thriving port city and a major trading center for the region. During the Roman period, it was known as “Salamis” and was an important center of commerce. The city was also home to a large Jewish population, and the remains of a synagogue can still be seen today.
In 1191, the city was captured by the Crusaders and renamed “Famagusta”. It became the main port of the Kingdom of Cyprus, and the city flourished as a center of commerce and culture. In the 15th century, the Venetians took control of the city, and it became a major trading center for the Mediterranean.
In the 16th century, the Ottoman Empire conquered Famagusta, and it remained in their control until 1878. During this time, the city was heavily fortified and became a major stronghold of the Ottomans. In 1571, the city was besieged by the Venetians, and the famous Siege of Famagusta began. The city was eventually captured by the Venetians, and the Ottoman forces were forced to retreat.
In 1878, Famagusta was ceded to Britain as part of the Cyprus Convention. During this period, the city saw a period of modernisation and development. In 1960, Cyprus gained its independence, and Famagusta became the main port of the newly formed Republic of Cyprus.
In 1974, Famagusta was invaded by Turkey and the city was divided in two. The northern part of the city, known as Varosha, was sealed off and remains largely abandoned to this day. The southern part of the city remained under the control of the Republic of Cyprus and is now a major tourist destination.
Famagusta is a city with a long and fascinating history. It is a city that has seen many changes throughout the centuries, and it remains an important part of the history of Cyprus. It is a city of triumph and tragedy, of beauty and destruction, and it is a city that will continue to captivate visitors for many years to come.