The Gambia: Geography of an African Nation



The Gambia is a small West African nation located along the Gambia River. It is bordered by Senegal to the north, east, and south, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. With a population of 2.1 million, The Gambia is the smallest country on mainland Africa. Despite its small size, The Gambia has a varied geography, ranging from coastal plains to savanna grassland.

The Gambia is divided into five administrative divisions: Lower River, Central River, North Bank, Upper River, and Western. The majority of the population is concentrated in the Lower River region, where the capital city of Banjul is located. The Gambia River runs through the center of the country, and is the main source of water for the country.

The Gambia is mostly flat, with an average elevation of only about 50 meters. The highest point in the country is the summit of the Kiang West National Park, at an elevation of about 575 meters. The Gambia has a tropical climate, with warm temperatures year-round. The rainy season lasts from May to October, when the country receives most of its annual precipitation.

The Gambia's terrain is dominated by savanna grassland, with patches of deciduous forest in the north and east. The country is also home to several rivers and wetlands, including the Saloum Delta, the Gambia River, and the Kombo Estuary. The Gambia River is the largest river in the country, and is an important source of water for agriculture and fishing.

The Gambia has several protected areas, including the Kiang West National Park, the Abuko Nature Reserve, and the Bao Bolong Wetland Reserve. These protected areas are important for conserving the country's biodiversity, as well as providing habitats for endangered species such as the African manatee and the West African manatee.

The Gambia is home to a diverse population, with many ethnic groups living in the country. The main ethnic group is the Mandinka, but there are also smaller populations of Fula, Wolof, Jola, and Soninke. The official language of The Gambia is English, but most of the population speaks a variety of local languages, including Mandinka, Wolof, and Fula.

The Gambia is a relatively poor country, with a per capita GDP of only $1,400. The majority of the population is employed in the agricultural sector, with the main crops being rice, millet, sorghum, and groundnuts. The Gambia also has a small but growing tourism industry, with many visitors coming to the country to experience its unique culture and natural beauty.

The Gambia is an interesting and diverse country, with a rich history and culture. Despite its small size, The Gambia has a varied geography and a unique natural environment. With its protected areas and diverse population, The Gambia is an important part of the African continent.